Ho nuoc giua san through time

Temple of Literature, 2003 July Hanoi 7 2003 Photographed in July 2003, this image shows part of the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam's first national university, founded in the 11th century and dedicated to Confucius.

Temple of Literature 2004 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2004. Founded in 1070, it housed Vietnam's first national university and remains dedicated to Confucius and the country's scholars.

Temple of Literature - tortoise stelae 2004 Stone stelae mounted on stone tortoises at the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2004. The tablets record the names of scholars who passed royal examinations in past centuries.

Van Mieu Hanoi t 2008 The Temple of Literature, or Van Mieu, in Hanoi, photographed in 2008. Founded in 1070, it housed Vietnam's first national university.

Van Mieu Hanoi t 2008 The Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu) in Hanoi, Vietnam, dedicated to Confucius and site of the country's first national university, founded in the 11th century.

Le bassin de la Lumière céleste (Temple de la littérature, Hanoi) 2010 This 2010 photograph shows the Well of Heavenly Clarity in the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam. The pool sits in the temple's third courtyard, ringed by pavilions sheltering 82 stone stelae that record the names of doctoral graduates, each set on a stone turtle.

Stèles des Docteurs (Temple de la Littérature, Hanoi) 2010 Stone stelae recording the names of doctoral graduates at the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2010. Founded in the eleventh century as Vietnam's first national university, the complex still holds these carved records of scholars honored over the centuries.

Temple de la littérature (Hanoi) 2010 A 2010 view of the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam's Confucian temple complex dedicated to scholarship since the eleventh century.

Van Mieu Hanoi t 2010 Taken in 2010, this photograph shows the Văn Miếu, the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, founded in 1070 and later the site of the country's first national university.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2011 Photographed in 2011, the Temple of Literature in Hanoi is Vietnam's first national university, founded in 1070 to honor Confucius and educate the country's scholars and officials.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2011 Another 2011 view of Hanoi's Temple of Literature complex, whose courtyards and stone stelae have made it one of the most visited historical sites in Vietnam's capital.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2011 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2011. Founded in 1070 and home to Vietnam's first national university, established in 1076, the complex is dedicated to Confucius and Vietnam's scholarly tradition.

Hanoi quốc tử giám 2011 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2011. Founded in 1070, it housed Vietnam's first national university and remains dedicated to Confucius.

Hanoi - Literaturtempel 2011 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, founded in 1070 and home to the country's first national university, is pictured in this 2011 photograph.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2011 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, photographed in 2011. Founded in 1070 and dedicated to Confucius, it housed Vietnam's first national university and remains one of the best-preserved examples of traditional Vietnamese architecture.

Ho nuoc giua san 2011 A pond within a courtyard in Hanoi, likely part of the Temple of Literature complex, home to Vietnam's first national university, founded in 1070 to honor Confucius and educate scholars.

Văn Miếu, Đống Đa, Hà Nội, Vietnam 2012 Văn Miếu, the Temple of Literature in Hanoi's Đống Đa district, was founded in the eleventh century as a Confucian temple and later housed Vietnam's first national university.

Văn Miếu, Đống Đa, Hà Nội, Vietnam 2012 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, founded in 1070 and home to the country's first national university, is pictured here in 2012. The complex is dedicated to Confucius and Vietnam's foremost scholars.

Văn Miếu, Đống Đa, Hà Nội, Vietnam 2012 The Temple of Literature, or Van Mieu, in Hanoi's Dong Da district, photographed in 2012. Founded in the eleventh century, it served as Vietnam's first national university and remains a major historic and educational landmark.

Main gate - Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2014 The main gate of the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2014. Founded in 1070, the complex housed Vietnam's first national university and remains dedicated to Confucius and scholarship.

Văn Miếu, Đống Đa, Hà Nội, Vietnam 2014 The Temple of Literature complex in Hanoi's Đống Đa district, captured in 2014. Founded in 1070, it functioned as Vietnam's first national university and remains dedicated to Confucius and the country's scholars.

Văn Miếu, Đống Đa, Hà Nội, Vietnam 2014 The Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu) in Hanoi appears in this 2014 photograph. Founded in 1070 as a Confucian temple and site of Vietnam's first national university, it remains one of the city's most visited historic sites.

Van Mieu temple of Hanoi in 2015 A 07 2015 The Văn Miếu, or Temple of Literature, was founded in 1070 and later became the site of Vietnam's first national university. This photograph was taken in Hanoi in 2015.

Van Mieu temple of Hanoi in 2015 A 14 2015 The Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu) in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2015. Founded in 1070 and dedicated to Confucius, it later became the site of Vietnam's first national university.

Cổng sắt, vườn Giám, Hà Nội 001 2015 An iron gate near Van Mieu, the Temple of Literature, in Hanoi is pictured in 2015. The temple complex, founded in 1070, housed Vietnam's first national university.

Vườn hoa Quốc Tử Giám, Hà Nội 003 2015 A garden adjoining the Temple of Literature complex in Hanoi is pictured in 2015. The temple, founded in 1070, served for centuries as Vietnam's center of Confucian learning.

Vườn hoa Quốc Tử Giám, Hà Nội 007 2015 The garden approach to the Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu – Quốc Tử Giám) in Hanoi, photographed in 2015. Founded in 1070, the complex housed Vietnam's first national university.

Vườn hoa Quốc Tử Giám, Hà Nội 008 2015 The Quoc Tu Giam flower garden in Hanoi, part of the grounds of the city's historic Temple of Literature, is shown in this 2015 photograph, an area popular with visitors and students alike.

Vườn hoa Quốc Tử Giám, Hà Nội 002 2015 This 2015 image shows another view of the Quoc Tu Giam garden in Hanoi, adjoining the Temple of Literature, Vietnam's first national university, founded in the 11th century and dedicated to Confucius.

Van Mieu temple of Hanoi in 2015 A 10 2015 The Temple of Literature, Hanoi's 11th-century center of Confucian learning and Vietnam's first national university, is pictured in this 2015 photograph of the historic complex.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2016 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2016. Founded in 1070, the complex housed Vietnam's first national university and remains dedicated to Confucius and Vietnamese scholars.

Fourth Courtyard of the Temple of Literature 2 2018 The fourth courtyard of the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, home to Quoc Tu Giam, Vietnam's first national university, founded in 1076 under the Ly dynasty on the grounds of a Confucian temple built six years earlier.

Fourth Courtyard of the Temple of Literature 1 2018 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, founded in 1070 and later home to the Quốc Tử Giám, Vietnam's first national university, is arranged in a series of successive courtyards.

Constellation of Literature pavilion 2018 The Khuê Văn Các, or Constellation of Literature pavilion, was built in 1805 within Hanoi's Temple of Literature and has become one of the city's emblematic landmarks.

Well of Heavenly Clarity 1 2018 The Well of Heavenly Clarity, a courtyard feature within the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam's Confucian temple complex founded in the eleventh century.

Well of Heavenly Clarity 2 2018 This is the Well of Heavenly Clarity, a rectangular pond in the Third Courtyard of the Temple of Literature in Hanoi. Founded in 1070 and later home to Vietnam's first national university, the temple grounds also hold stone stelae recording the names of doctoral graduates. Photographed in 2018.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 Vietnam's first national university, the Temple of Literature in Hanoi was founded in 1070 and dedicated to Confucius and scholarly learning. Photographed in June 2022, the complex remains one of the best-preserved examples of traditional Vietnamese architecture.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, founded in 1070 and home to Vietnam's first national university, appears in this photograph taken on 5 June 2022. Dedicated to Confucius, the complex has served for centuries as a center of Confucian learning and remains one of Hanoi's most visited historic sites.

Văn Miếu Street, Hanoi 2022 Văn Miếu Street in Hanoi, photographed in 2022, takes its name from the nearby Temple of Literature, the Confucian temple and national academy founded in the eleventh century.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 Vietnam's oldest seat of higher learning, the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, is pictured here on 5 June 2022. Established in 1070 under the Ly dynasty, the complex combines a Confucian temple with the grounds of the former Imperial Academy, Quoc Tu Giam.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, photographed in 2022; founded in 1070, it honors Confucius and later became the site of Vietnam's first national university.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 Established in 1070, Hanoi's Temple of Literature is seen here in a 2022 photograph, its courtyards once host to scholars who sat for Vietnam's imperial examinations.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 This 2022 photograph shows part of the Temple of Literature complex in Hanoi, Vietnam, a Confucian temple founded in 1070 that later became the site of the country's first national university.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 A view within Hanoi's Temple of Literature, photographed in 2022; stone stelae in the complex record the names of scholars who passed Vietnam's royal examinations.

Temple of Literature, Hanoi 2022 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, captured in 2022, remains one of the city's best-preserved examples of traditional architecture dating to its founding in the 11th century.

Third Courtyard, Temple of Literature, Hanoi, Vietnam, 0947 2024 The third courtyard of the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam's first national university, founded in the 11th century, photographed in 2024.

Constellation of Literature pavilion, Temple of Literature, Hanoi, Vietnam, 0939 2024 The Constellation of Literature pavilion, known as Khue Van Cac and built within the Temple of Literature complex in the early 19th century, is one of Hanoi's best-known symbols, seen here in 2024.

Świątynia Literatury, Hanoi, Wietnam, 0940 2024 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, founded in 1070 as a Confucian temple and site of the country's first national university, established there in 1076. Photographed in January 2024.

Świątynia Literatury, Hanoi, Wietnam, 0937 2024 The Temple of Literature in Hanoi, founded in 1070 as a Confucian temple and later home to Vietnam's first national university, remains one of the city's best-preserved historic sites, its courtyards still lined with stone stelae honoring past scholars.

Khue Van Pavilion 2025 Khue Van Pavilion stands within the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam's first national university, founded in the 11th century, and has become an unofficial symbol of the city.